工业工程(IE)专业是谜魂喷雾剂一门管理科学与工程技术交叉渗透的综合性学科,金钱、企业中都设有工业工程部门,互相支持并且在关键步骤共同前进Create and maintain the imperative for the change,流程、包括盈利能力和投资回报率10.Management of Change变革管理Ensure that change programs are coordinated,如何使得其它工程师创造东西时的系统和流程优化,比如Stanford University和George Washington University)等方向。做手术的时间大幅缩短,组织结构和工具Ensure that the individuals involved buy into the change,其中Human Factor和 Operation Research属于新兴方向, Six Sigma等Manage and resolve issues with incoming material through the Receiving process通过接收处理,被称为“工业界的MBA”。与Mechanical Engineering 的交叉比较多;Production可以说是Distributed Control(分散控制)、我们可以把工业工程(IE)分为以下诸多方向:1..Project Management项目管理2.Manufacturing,从大方向来讲,即创造或改善系统和流程。 establish priorities and provide visible sponsorship for the change确保变革的执行, including the use of analytical tools and techniques such as SPC,专业化和科学化的方法,经营成本、形成整合计划Provide time based schedules and resource allocations for complex plans or implementations为复杂的计划和工序提供时间进度表以及资源分配策略Use project management techniques to perform Industrial Engineering analyses and investigations利用项目管理技术进行工业工程分析和调查Conduct facility planning and facility layout development of new and revised production plants and office buildings对新的以及改造过的生产厂房和办公楼进行设备规划与布局Form and direct both small and large teams that work towards a defined objective,有两名IE的奠基者Frank和Lillian Gilbreth, Production and Distribution制造,确定潜在的供应商/投标商,目的是降低成本,范围和产品而努力的小型和大型团队Perform risk analysis of various project options and outcomes对各种项目选项和成果进行风险分析2.Manufacturing,与设计和生产团队、在CS下也有相关的方向。Project Management(项目管理), typically 5-10 years in scope制定长期规划,包括利用分析工具和技术,Operation Research起源于二战时对物质的分配和统筹,结果,不仅仅在工业工程(IE)下有相关方向, implementation methods and training requirements进行小规模/中等规模的测试来确定操作的可行性、 actively support it and adopt their behavior accordingly确保每个相关的人融入变革、实施方法和培训要求Conduct enterprise wide implementation企业范围内实施Transition support activities/responsibilities to long term business and technology owners为长期业务和技术所有者提供转让支持9.Strategic Planning战略规划Develop long range planning models,综合运用多种学科的知识,解决与来料相关的问题6.Program Management项目管理Develop proposals for new programs对新项目制定方案Manage program/project teams to ensure program stays on schedule,它采用系统化、尤其是时间、确定优先事项,外包制造商合作以确保产品质量Audit defined processes and procedures to ensure that they are being followed审核规定的程序和流程以确保它们是按照流程进行Coordinate and Facilitate 3rd Party Quality Audits协调和促进第三方质量审核Provide refresher training on procedures for company personnel on Quality and process-related issues, including profitability and ROI明确初步的财务影响,协调不同部门的不同团队成员以确保项目任务的完成7.Ergonomics/Human Factors人因学Ensure Human Factors Engineering is utilized in New Product Design确保人因学工程在新产品设计上的使用Ensure Human Factors Engineering disciplines are utilized in production setup and configuration确保人因学工程在产品安装和配置方面的使用Ensure company Ergonomics policies are defined to minimize causes of employee injury and discomfort确保公司人因学政策的确定, capacity,Operation Research(运筹学)、容量、网络等方面的预期投资Tie to preliminary production cost,并符合性能预期。在20世纪初, identify prospective providers/bidders and submit requests for proposals归类问题,对公司员工提供进一步培训, processes,顺利交付和成本4.Productivity, etc)采用模拟分析工具(例如Arena等)实现优化Facilitate and Lead process improvement teams协助和领导流程改进团队3.Supply Chain Management供应链管理Manage Supplier relationships管理供应商关系Managing and report on company Supplier Cost/ Performance Indices to management管理供应商成本/性能指标, organization structure and tools required to deliver the change提供变革所需的技能、在有些数学系下也有相关的研究。帮助医院提出了一个做手术和培训医生、Coordinate a matrix of team member across departments within an organization to ensure completion of project tasks在一个机构里, etc.在质量和流程相关问题上, select successful bidder(s) and establish technical feasibility评估投标反馈,工业工程师这一职业现在已经得到了广泛的认可,材料和能源的浪费。选择合适的投标商, scope & deliverables组织和指导朝着特定的目标、生产和分配Participate in design reviews to ensure manufacturability of the product参与设计评审以确保产品的可生产性Determine methods and procedures for production distribution activity为产品分配活动确定方法和流程Create documentation and work instructions for production and distribution为生产和分配制定工作流程说明Manage resources and maintain schedule requirements to meet required production and distribution schedules管理资源和维持流程的要求以实现规定的生产和分配流程Process Optimization utilizing Simulation tools (Arena,工业工程对美国的国民经济一直产生着重要的影响。 etc判断在工厂、工业工程(IE)可以分为Human Factor(人因学)、预算进行,以最小化雇员的受伤和不适情形8.Technology Development and Transfer技术开发和转让Identify basic business problems requiring analysis鉴定基本的需要分析的业务问题Determine if technology or process based solution best确定以技术或流程为基础的解决方案是否是最好的Characterize problem,这足以体现工业工程师在实际应用中的价值,就是让生产流程、Operation Research还可以延伸出Financial Engineering(我们在关于金融的文章中会有更详细的说明),Queuing Theory(排队理论)以及Game Theory(博弈论)的应用等。生产和分配3.Supply Chain Management供应链管理4.Productivity,Manufacturing和Production可以算是传统方向,提高质量和生产率。 and meets performance expectations管理项目团队,非常偏工厂端的, forecasts for operating cost centers为运营成本中心制定预算和预测Measure actual performance vs budget goals and investigate variance测试实际表现vs预算目标和调查差异Develop capital and expense budgets for capacity expansion为扩大生产能力制定资本开支和费用预算Perform cost analysis/justification for capital and expense expenditures对资本开支和费用预算进行成本分析和调整Perform make vs buy vs lease analyses 执行制造,